Accuracy and reliability of ultrasound estimation of fetal weight in women with a singleton term pregnancy

Background: Prenatal estimation of birth-weight is of utmost importance to predict the mode of delivery. This is also an important parameter of antenatal care. This study was conducted to evaluate the accuracy of estimated fetal weight by ultrasound, compared with actual birth weight.Methods: This was a prospective and comparative study comprising 110 pregnant women at term. Patients who had their sonography done within 7 days from date of delivery were included. Fetal weight was estimated by Hadlock 2 formula, the software of which was preinstalled in ultrasound-machine. The estimated fetal weight was compared to the post-delivery birth-weight. The Pearson's correlation coefficient was used and the accuracy of sonographic fetal weight estimation was evaluated using mean error, mean absolute error, mean percentage error, mean absolute percentage error and proportion of estimates within 10% of actual birth weight.Results: Mean estimated and actual birth weights were 3120.8±349.4 gm and 3088.2±404.5 g respectively. There was strong positive correlation between estimated fetal weight and actual birth weight (r = 0.58, p<0.001). The mean percentage error and mean absolute percentage error of ultrasound fetal weight estimations were 1.96±11.8% and 8.7±8.2% respectively. The percentage of estimates within ±10% of the actual birth weight was found to be 67.3%. In 23% of the cases, ultrasound overestimated the birth weight. In 13% of the cases, ultrasound underestimated the birth weight.Conclusions: There was strong positive correlation between actual and sonographically estimated fetal weight. So, ultrasonography can be considered as useful tool for estimating the fetal weight for improving the perinatal outcome.

Dilemma in Diagnosing Cervical Tuberculosis

Genital tuberculosis in females is found in 0.75 to 1% of gynecological admissions in India with considerable variation from place to place. Tuberculosis (TB) can affect any organ in the body (exceptions being skeletal muscle, cardiac muscles, pancreas) can exist without any clinical manifestation and can recur. The disease is almost always secondary to primary pulmonary TB, responsible for 5% of all female pelvic infections and occurs in 10% cases of pulmonary tuberculosis. Female genital tuberculosis (FGTB) is typically understood as a disease of young women, especially in developing countries, with 80-90% of cases diagnosed in patients 20–40 years old, often during workup for infertility. The disease has been reported in postmenopausal females as well. We are here presenting two rare case reports of cervical tuberculosis misdiagnosed as carcinoma cervix.

Vaginal Obstruction after Excision of a Transverse Vaginal Septum: A Rare Case Report

A vaginal obstruction often occurs as a result of complication in women who had previously undergone an excision of a transverse vaginal septum. Her we are reporting a case of 12 years old unmarried girl presented with complaint of secondary amenorrhea and cyclic pain lower abdomen since two months. She was operated for cryptomenorrhea four months back. On examination under anaesthesia Thick scarred septum was present in vaginal canal about 6-7 cm from vaginal introitus .After sharp dissection hematocopos bulge seen and drained, residual scar tissue excised , posterior and anterior vaginal wall reconstructed. Vaginal mould inserted to maintain patency